The purification of those 20 'basic amino acids' isn't science, either. Here is the official source for the first discovery (asparagine). No organic compound formula was discovered at all. I want to know how its empirical formula was determined. Source: https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433062722578&seq=104 ![[Pasted image 20260110161556.png]] ![[Pasted image 20260110161600.png]] ![[Pasted image 20260110161610.png]] All "amino acids" are in vitro synthesis. 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica recorded how "asparagine" was synthesised. To be fair, Piutti (or Vauquelin) did not know what's "amino acid" or the genome sorcery in the future. ![[Pasted image 20260110191801.png]]